IMPLEMENTASI NORMA STANDAR DI RUMAH DETENSI IMIGRASI JAKARTA DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN KONFLIK ANTAR DETENI (Implementation of Standard Norms at Immigration Detention Centre in Jakarta In order to Prevent the Conflict Among Detainees)

Oksimana Darmawan

  Abstract


Tantangan dalam Peraturan Direktur Jenderal Imigrasi No. IMI.1917.OT.02.01 Tahun 2013 tentang Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) Rumah Detensi Imigrasi (Rudenim) dihadapkan akan upaya pencegahan konflik antar deteni. Pencegahan konflik kekerasan ini juga menyangkut kewajiban Pemerintah Indonesia melalui Ditjen Imigrasi menerapkan norma standar Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) dalam SOP di Rudenim. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif, berbentuk penelitian tindakan dengan teknik penarikan sampel secara purposive sampling, yaitu informan petugas Rudenim Jakarta yang bertugas pada tahap pendetesian dan pelayanan deteni serta keterwakilan deteni sebesar 10% dari tiap kewarganegaraan, teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi dokumen, wawancara, dan kuesioner untuk deteni. Hasil penelitian menyangkut tipologi konflik, faktor kesalahpahaman merupakan faktor utama terjadinya konflik. Selain itu, faktor pendorong terjadinya konflik antar deteni adalah stres yang bisa diakibatkan tidak adanya kegiatan yang sifatnya hiburan atau olahraga di luar Rudenim. Mengenai implementasi norma HAM, masih ditemui kekurangan, seperti tidak adanya tenaga konseling kepada deteni. Salah satu upaya pencegahan konflik dalam membangun sistem peringatan dini adalah petugas keamanan memanfaatkan deteni yang sudah lebih dahulu berada di Rudenim untuk membantu petugas mengkomunikasikan permasalahan-permasalahan yang terjadi antar deteni. Saran yang bisa diberikan, antara lain, pengadaan tenaga psikolog yang mampu berbahasa asing, penyempurnaan SOP dengan menambahkan 21 variabel penelitian yang memuat norma standar HAM, dan membuat peta potensi konflik.

Kata kunci : Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) Rumah Detensi Imigrasi (Rudenim), norma standar Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM), dan pencegahan konflik kekerasan.

Abstract

The challenges in the Regulation of Immigration Director General Number. IMI.1917.OT.02.01/2013 on Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) of Immigration Detention Centre (Rudenim) faced at efforts to prevent conflict among detainees. The prevention of violence conflict concerned on obligation of Indonesia Government through Immigration Directorate General to put standards norm of human rights in immigration detention centres. This research used a descriptive-qualitative method, it was an applied research by purposive sampling. The informen in this research were the officers of immigration detention centre ,in Jakarta who charging in detaining and served detainees. Representative of respondents was 10% of each citizenship. Data collecting by literature research, interview and questionnaire with detainees. Its result was conflct-typology,misunderstanding was a main factor of conflict. Besides, the trigger among detainees was stress or pressure that could be caused by less entertainment or sport/work-out activity. The implementation of human rights norms was still found deficiency such as the absence of counsellors for detainees. One of efforts to avert conflicts in making an early warning system was to engage detainees to help officers to communicate problems that occured among them. Its suggestion were recruitment of psychologist who spoke foreign languages fluently, improvement of SOP with adding 21 research variables contained human right` norm standards and making a map of conflict`potency.

Keywords : Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), immigration detention centre (Rudenim), the standard norms of human rights (HAM).


  Keywords


Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP); Rumah Detensi Imigrasi (Rudenim); norma standar Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM); dan pencegahan konflik kekerasan; Standard Operating Procedure (SOP); immigration detention centre (Rudenim); the standard norms of human rights

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/kebijakan.2016.V10.71-86

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