Pembatasan Hak Untuk Bergerak (Right to Move) melalui Larangan Masuk dan Pembatasan Perjalanan selama Penyebaran Virus COVID-19 menurut Hukum Internasional dan Hukum Indonesia

Ari Wirya Dinata; M Yusuf Akbar

doi:10.30641/ham.2021.12.305-324

Pembatasan Hak Untuk Bergerak (Right to Move) melalui Larangan Masuk dan Pembatasan Perjalanan selama Penyebaran Virus COVID-19 menurut Hukum Internasional dan Hukum Indonesia

Ari Wirya Dinata, M Yusuf Akbar

Abstract

Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) menyatakan Covid-19 sebagai Pandemi pada 11 Maret 2020. Sejumlah negara telah membuat berbagai kebijakan untuk menekan penyebaran virus tersebut. Salah satu kebijakan tersebut adalah regulasi masuk dan pembatasan perjalanan. Kebijakan ini dipandang perlu untuk mencegah penularan dan penyebaran virus secara masif akibat pergerakan manusia. Di sisi lain, konvensi hak asasi manusia memberikan perlindungan terhadap hak untuk bergerak dan memasuki suatu negara dan melarang tindakan diskriminasi. Tulisan ini mengkaji perspektif hukum internasional tentang kebijakan masuk dan pembatasan perjalanan serta membahas kebijakan domestik Indonesia dalam menanggulangi wabah korona. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, dengan data sekunder yaitu bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Tulisan ini merangkum bahwa kebijakan negara mengenai pengaturan masuk dan pembatasan larangan bepergian merupakan sesuatu yang dibolehkan menurut hukum internasional. Hal ini berdampak pada pengurangan jumlah wabah korona lintas batas negara. Meskipun demikian, kebijakan ini mungkin melanggar hak asasi manusia jika tidak mengacu pada ketentuan hukum yang berlaku seperti konvensi hak asasi manusia. Tulisan ini menyarankan kepada para pembuat kebijakan untuk berhati-hati dalam menggunakan kebijakan entry regulation.

Keywords

hak asasi manusia; pembatasan perjalanan dan masuk; COVID-19.

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