Pengadopsian Mekanisme Fast-Track Legislation dalam Pengusulan Rancangan Undang-Undang oleh Presiden

Ibnu Sina Chandranegara

doi:10.30641/dejure.2021.V21.123-140

Pengadopsian Mekanisme Fast-Track Legislation dalam Pengusulan Rancangan Undang-Undang oleh Presiden

Ibnu Sina Chandranegara

Abstract

Pembentukan undang-undang pada medio 2019-2020 kerap dianggap tidak berkualitas yang disebabkan pembahasan yang sembunyi-sembunyi, tidak transparan, dan terkesan terburu-buru. Kondisi ini memperburuk proses legislasi di Indonesia. Mekanisme fast-track legislation yang tidak dimiliki di Indonesia namun seolah-olah telah dipraktikkan, mengakibatkan adanya asumsi tirani legislasi dalam proses pembentukan undang-undang di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu fast-track legislation menjadi alternatif gagasan untuk membatasi kekuasaan praktik pembentukan undang-undang yang buruk tidak terulang kembali. Artikel ini dimaksudkan untuk meninjau bagaimana pengaturan dan praktik fast-track legislation di berbagai negara serta menganalisis proyeksi pengadopsian fast-track legislation ke dalam sistem pembentukan undang-undang di Indonesia dengan cara menelaah secara konseptual tentang pembatasan kekuasaan presiden di bidang legislasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, dengan pendekatan perbandingan hukum. penelitian dilakukan dengan meneliti materi pengaturan dan praktik pelaksanaan fast-track legislation di beberapa negara yang memilikinya seperti Inggris, Amerika Serikat, Selandia Baru, Perancis, Kolombia, dan Ekuador untuk ditemukan hal yang dapat diadopsi dan hal yang perlu dihindari apabila kemudian diadopsi ke dalam pembentukan undang-undang di Indonesia.

Keywords

pembentukan undang-undang yang buruk; fast track legislation; perundang-undangan

Full Text:

PDF

References

Arsil, F. “Menggagas Pembatasan Pembentukan Dan Materi Muatan Perppu: Studi Perbandingan Pengaturan Dan Penggunaan Perppu Di Negara-Negara Presidensial.” Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 48 (2018): 1–21.

Asshiddiqie, J. Pengujian Formil Undang-Undang Di Negara Hukum. Jakarta: Konpress bekerja sama dengan Jimly School of Law and Government, 2020.

Bach, S. "Fast-Track” or Expedited Procedures: Their Purposes, Elements, and Implications. Washington, DC: Report for Congress, 2001.

Boehm, Frédéric. Regulatory Capture Revisited- Lessons from Economics of Corruption, 2007. http://www.icgg.org/corruption.research.html.

Bruhl, AAP. “Using Statutes to Set Legislative Rules: Entrenchment, Separation of Powers, and the Rules of Proceedings Clause.” Journal of Law & Politics 19 (2003): 345–415.

Chandranegara, Ibnu Sina. “Defining Judicial Independence and Accountability Post Political Transition.” Constitutional Review 5, no. 2 (2019): 294–329.

———. Kemerdekaan Kekuasaan Kehakiman Pasca Transisi Politik. Jakarta: Radjawali Press, 2019.

———. “Komparasi Kebijakan Hukum Dalam Penanggulangan Pandemi Covid-19 Di Berbagai Negara: Penggunaan Keadaan Dan Hukum Darurat Atau Optimalisasi Instrumen Hukum Yang Ada?” In Segi Hukum Terhadap Implikasi Covid-19 Di Indonesia, edited by Ahmad Redi and Ibnu Sina Chandranegara, 22–34. Jakarta: Prenada Media, 2020.

———. “Perihal Rapid Legislation.” Bandung: Universitas Padjajaran, 2020.

Cheibub, JA, Z Elkins, and T Ginsburg. “Latin American Presidentialism In Comparative And Historical Perspective.” Texas Law Review 89 (2010): 1707–1731.

Davis, CM. Expedited Procedures in the House: Variations Enacted into Law. New York: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 2003.

Davis, CM Christopher M. Expedited Procedures in the House: Variations Enacted into Law. New York: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 2003.

Dressel, B, and T Inoue. “Megapolitical Cases before the Constitutional Court of Indonesia since 2004: An Empirical Study.” Constitutional Review 4, no. 2 (2004): 157–187.

Dressel, B, R Sanchez-Urribarri, and A Stroh. “The Informal Dimension of Judicial Politics: A Relational Perspective.” Annual Review of Law and Social Science 13 (2017): 413–430.

Eckerd, Adam, and Roy L Heidelberg. “Administering Public Participation.” The American Review of Public Administration 50, no. 2 (2020): 133–147.

Eskridge, WN, and PP Frickey. “‘The Making of’ The Legal Process.” Harvard Law Review 107, no. 8 (1994): 2031–2055.

Furlong, Scott R, and Cornelius M Kerwin. “Interest Group Participation in Rule Making: A Decade of Change.” Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 15, no. 3 (2005): 353–370.

Gava, Roy, Julien M Jaquet, and Pascal Sciarini. “Legislating or Rubber‐stamping? Assessing Parliament’s Influence on Law‐making with Text Reuse.” European Journal of Political Research 60, no. 1 (2020): 175–198.

Geiringer, C, P Higbee, and EM McLeay. What’s the Hurry?: Urgency in the New Zealand Legislative Process 1987-2010. Wellington: Victoria University Press, 2011.

Graber, MA. “The Nonmajoritarian Difficulty: Legislative Deference to the Judiciary.” Studies in American Political Development 7 (1993): 35–73.

Harijati, SD. “Keterangan Ahli Dalam Perkara Nomor 60/PUU-XVIII/2020 Tentang Pengujian Formil UU No 3 Tahun 2020 Terhadap UUD 1945,” 2020.

Harrington, AR. “Presidential Powers Revisited: An Analysis of the Constitutional Powers of the Executive and Legislative Branches Over the Reorganization and Conduct of the Executive Branch.” Willamette Law Review 44 (2007): 1–53.

House of Lords Select Committee on the Constitution. Fast‐track Legislation: Constitutional Implications and Safeguards. London: The Stationery Office, 2009.

Hug, Walter. “The History of Comparative Law.” Harvard Law Review 45 (1931): 1027.

Isra, Saldi. Pergeseran Fungsi Legislasi: Menguatnya Model Legislasi Parlementer Dalam Sistem. Jakarta: Radjawali Press, 2010.

Jean-Jacques, L, and D Martimort. “Separation of Regulators against Collusive Behavior.” The Rand Journal of Economics 30, no. 2 (1999): 232–262.

Jean-Jacques, L, and J Tirole. “The Politics of Government Decision-Making: A Theory of Regulatory Capture.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 106, no. 4 (1991): 1089–1127.

Kerwin, Cornelius M, and Scott R Furlong. Rulemaking: How Government Agencies Write Law and Make Policy. Cq Press, 2018.

Koh, HH. “The Fast Track and United States Trade Policy.” Brooklyn Journal of International Law 18 (1992): 143–180.

Levinson, DJ, and RH Pildes. “Separation of Parties, Not Powers.” Harvard Law Review 119, no. 8 (2006): 2311–2386.

Linz, JJ. “The Perils of Presidentialism.” Journal of Democracy 1, no. 1 (1990): 51–69.

Lister, M. “Explaining Counter Terrorism in the UK: Normal Politics, Securitised Politics or Performativity of the Neo-Liberal State?” Critical Studies on Terrorism 12, no. 3 (2019): 416–439.

McCormick, John P. “The Dilemmas of Dictatorship: Carl Schmitt and Constitutional Emergency Powers.” Can. JL & Jurisprudence 10 (1997): 163.

Mezey, ML. Presidentialism: Power in Comparative Perspective. Boulder and London. Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2013.

Minter, NR. “Fast Track Procedures: Do They Infringe Upon Congressional Constitutional Rights.” Syracuse Journal of Legislation & Policy Y 1 (1995): 107.

Negretto, GL. Making Constitutions: Presidents, Parties, And Institutional Choice In Latin America. Massachussetts: Cambridge University Press, 2013.

New Zealand House. “Standing Order 95A,” 1903.

Peltzman, S. “Toward a More General Theory of Regulation.” The Journal of Law and Economics 19, no. 2 (1976): 211–240.

Reynolds, ME. Exceptions to the Rule: The Politics of Filibuster Limitations in the US Senate. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2017.

Rishan, I. “Risiko Koalisi Gemuk Dalam Sistem Presidensial Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum 27, no. 2 (2020): 219–240.

Salzberge, EM. “A Positive Analysis of The Doctrine of Separation of Powers, or: Why Do We Have An Independent Judiciary?” International Review of Law and Economics 13, no. 4 (1993): 349–379.

Schönpflug, D. “Constitutional Law and Diversity in the French Revolution.” In Law Addressing Diversity: Premodern Europe and India in Comparison (13th-18th Centuries), edited by T Kruijtzer, G Ertl, 197–213. Munich: De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2017.

Setiadi, W. “Fast-Track Legislation Sebagai Bentuk Peningkatan Supremasi Hukum.” Bandung: Universitas Padjajaran, 2020.

Shane, PM. “Independent Policymaking and Presidential Power: A Constitutional Analysis.” The George Washington Law Review 57 (1988): 596–626.

Shugart, MS, and JM Carey. Presidents and Assemblies: Constitutional Design And Electoral Dynamics. Massachussetts: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

Skach, C. Borrowing Constitutional Designs: Constitutional Law in Weimar Germany and The French Fifth Republic. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2011.

Smela, Diana Durán, and David Fernando Cruz Gutiérrez. “El ‘Fast Track’:¿ Un Mecanismo de Flexibilización de La Constitución de 1991?” Revista Derecho del Estado, no. 48 (2021): 3–29.

Standing orders. “Article 54(3),” 2008.

Standing Orders. “Article 56(2),” 1996.

Wegmann, Simone. “Policy-Making Power of Opposition Players: A Comparative Institutional Perspective.” The Journal of Legislative Studies (2020): 1–25.

Williams, PM. “Problems of the Fourth Republic.” Political Studies 2, no. 1 (1954): 38–53.

Article Metric

Abstract this article has been read : 9541 times
PDF file viewed/downloaded : 7462 times

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2021.V21.123-140