Urgensi Pemberian Paspor Diplomatik Bagi Anggota Parlemen

I Made Budi Arsika; Ni Gusti Ayu Dyah Satyawati

doi:10.30641/dejure.2020.V20.315-334

Urgensi Pemberian Paspor Diplomatik Bagi Anggota Parlemen

I Made Budi Arsika, Ni Gusti Ayu Dyah Satyawati

Abstract

Wacana pemberian paspor diplomatik kepada anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia (DPR RI) mengingatkan kembali publik pada perdebatan politik dan akademik yang pernah terjadi sebelumnya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi instrumen hukum internasional dan praktik internasional dalam memberikan legitimasi terhadap penggunaan paspor diplomatik oleh pejabat negara yang tugas utamanya tidak melaksanakan fungsi diplomatik, termasuk di antaranya anggota Parlemen. Selain itu, artikel ini bermaksud menyajikan analisis dalam konteks Indonesia mengenai landasan hukum pemberian paspor diplomatik kepada anggota DPR RI. Artikel ini merefleksikan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, perbandingan, fakta, dan sejarah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemberian paspor diplomatik bagi anggota parlemen suatu negara tidaklah diatur secara spesifik dalam instrumen-instrumen internasional di bidang hubungan diplomatik karena cenderung merupakan ranah domestik masing-masing negara. Praktik internasional juga mengindikasikan bahwa paspor diplomatik dianggap hanya menunjukkan posisi khusus yang dimiliki oleh pemegangnya karena tidak secara otomatis memberikan imunitas diplomatik. Dalam perspektif hukum Indonesia, pemberian paspor diplomatik kepada anggota DPR RI belum sepenuhnya memiliki landasan hukum yang kuat. Adapun pengaturan paling eksplisit justru tertuang di dalam Peraturan DPR RI tentang Tata Tertib. Dengan demikian, pihak eksekutif (pemerintah) tidaklah memiliki kewajiban untuk memenuhi usulan tersebut.

Keywords

paspor diplomatik; anggota parlemen; imunitas diplomatik; hukum internasional.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2020.V20.315-334